Map
Denmark: refineries, routes and crude imports
The crude Denmark imported or supplied, drawn country to country, with the refineries, export points and chokepoints. Click anything for its source.
The interactive map needs JavaScript; the tables in Source & method list every feature.
Source & method
Source Updated 2026-09-23 19:17 UTCConfidenceUnknownMethodology
Map layersInferred · high
Provenance
Inferred · highUnknown- Dataset id
- Fuel Origin cited infrastructure geography (data/reference/infrastructure_geo_v1.csv)infrastructure_geo_v1.csvreference_infrastructure_geo_v1
- Period
- not recorded
- Retrieved
- 2026-09-26 22:47 UTC
- Type
- Inferred · high
- Transformation
- none applied - stored exactly as published
- Licence
- Per-row: each coordinate traces to the page named in coordinate_source_url.
- Every drawn feature carries a source_url. Held rows with no cited coordinate are listed under `excluded`, never placed by guess.
- Pipelines are schematic, endpoints cited - not the surveyed route.
- Wikidata / Wikipedia / OpenStreetMap coordinates are location-only evidence and are classed INFERRED_HIGH at best.
EU crude oil refineries, the ports and pipelines their operators name, export terminals coloured by whether leaving them requires the Strait of Hormuz, the oil chokepoints, and crude imports into the EU drawn country to country — not a shipping route. Pipelines are schematic: straight lines between cited endpoints. With no country in focus the import arcs are off (switch them on under Layers); with one in focus only its own arcs are drawn, the 10 largest in the colour of the country at the other end and the rest in one grey “Other”.
Dashed arcs are estimated from published euro value. Dashed flows are estimated from the published euro value: the reporting country withholds the tonnes, and its official figure for the month is not published. Customs basis (country of consignment), INFERRED - not a published tonnage. Method
Every feature on the map
Refineries (86)
Ports and terminals (37)
| Name | Where | What the map shows | How we know | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Antifer | FR | Feeds North Atlantic Energies Raffinerie de Gravenchon, TotalEnergies Plateforme Normandie (Gonfreville-l'Orcher) | Inferred · high | Source · location |
| Brunsbuettel | DE | Feeds Raffinerie Heide GmbH | Verified | Source · location |
| Butinge Oil Terminal | LT | Feeds Mazeikiai Refinery (ORLEN Lietuva) | Inferred · high | Source · location |
| Constanta Port | RO | Feeds Rompetrol Petromidia Refinery | Inferred · high | Source · location |
| Fos-sur-Mer | FR | Feeds Petroineos Lavera Refinery, TotalEnergies Plateforme de Feyzin | Verified | Source · location |
| Fredericia refinery port terminal | DK | Feeds Crossbridge Energy Fredericia refinery | Inferred · high | Source · location |
| Gdansk | PL | Feeds PCK Raffinerie GmbH Schwedt | Verified | Source · location |
| Gdansk / Naftoport | PL | Feeds ORLEN Plock Refinery | Verified | Source · location |
| Lavera | FR | Feeds Petroineos Lavera Refinery | Verified | Source · location |
| Le Havre | FR | Feeds North Atlantic Energies Raffinerie de Gravenchon, TotalEnergies Plateforme Normandie (Gonfreville-l'Orcher) | Inferred · high | Source · location |
| Marseille-Fos | FR | Feeds Rhone Energies Raffinerie de Fos-sur-Mer | Verified | Source · location |
| Midia Marine Terminal | RO | Feeds Rompetrol Petromidia Refinery | Inferred · high | Source · location · © OpenStreetMap contributors |
| Midia Port | RO | Feeds Rompetrol Petromidia Refinery | Inferred · high | Source · location |
| muelle Reina Sofia | ES | Feeds Moeve Parque Energetico La Rabida | Inferred · high | Source · location · © OpenStreetMap contributors |
| Naantali harbour | FI | Feeds Neste Naantali (refining ceased; terminal and harbour) | Inferred · high | Source · location |
| Nantes-Saint-Nazaire | FR | Feeds TotalEnergies Plateforme de Donges | Inferred · high | Source · location |
| North Sea Port | NL | Feeds Zeeland Refinery N.V. | Inferred · high | Source · location |
| Omisalj Terminal | HR | Feeds INA Rijeka Refinery (Urinj) | Verified | Source · location |
| On-site Kilpilahti harbour | FI | Feeds Neste Porvoo Refinery (Kilpilahti) | Inferred · high | Source · location |
| Petronor Maritime Terminal plus a jetty with three berths | ES | Feeds Petronor Muskiz Refinery (Bilbao) | Inferred · high | Source · location |
| Port-Jerome-sur-Seine | FR | Feeds North Atlantic Energies Raffinerie de Gravenchon | Inferred · high | Source · location |
| Port of Antwerp | BE | Feeds ExxonMobil Antwerp refinery, TotalEnergies Antwerp refining and petrochemical platform | Inferred · high | Source · location |
| Port of Augusta | IT | Feeds Augusta refinery (Sonatrach Raffineria Italiana) | Inferred · high | Source · location |
| Port of Gdansk / Naftoport | PL | Feeds ORLEN Gdansk Refinery (Rafineria Gdanska, formerly Grupa LOTOS) | Verified | Source · location |
| Port of Milazzo | IT | Feeds Raffineria di Milazzo | Inferred · high | Source · location |
| Port of Ravenna, Candiano Canal | IT | Feeds Alma Petroli refinery, Ravenna | Inferred · high | Source · location |
| Port of Rotterdam | NL | Feeds Shell Energy and Chemicals Park Rotterdam (Pernis), VPR Energy (Vitol) Rozenburg refinery | Inferred · high | Source · location |
| Porto Petroli di Genova Multedo | IT | Feeds IPLOM refinery, Busalla | Verified | Source · location |
| Puerto del Parque Energetico San Roque | ES | Feeds Moeve Parque Energetico San Roque (Refineria Gibraltar-San Roque) | Inferred · high | Source · location · © OpenStreetMap contributors |
| Puerto Exterior de Langosteira | ES | Feeds Repsol A Coruna Industrial Complex | Inferred · high | Source · location · © OpenStreetMap contributors |
| Puerto Interior de A Coruna | ES | Feeds Repsol A Coruna Industrial Complex | Inferred · high | Source · location |
| Rosenets Port terminal | BG | Feeds LUKOIL Neftohim Burgas | Inferred · high | Source · location · © OpenStreetMap contributors |
| Rostock | DE | Feeds PCK Raffinerie GmbH Schwedt | Inferred · high | Source · location |
| Rotterdam | NL | Feeds ExxonMobil Rotterdam Refinery (Botlek) | Inferred · high | Source · location |
| Rotterdam-Europoort | NL | Feeds Gunvor Energy Rotterdam B.V. (formerly Gunvor Petroleum Rotterdam), bp Raffinaderij Rotterdam B.V. (Europoort) | Inferred · high | Source · location |
| Trieste | IT | Feeds BAYERNOIL Raffineriegesellschaft - Werk Neustadt a.d. Donau, BAYERNOIL Raffineriegesellschaft - Werk Vohburg a.d. Donau, Gunvor Raffinerie Ingolstadt GmbH, MiRO Mineraloelraffinerie Oberrhein, OMV Deutschland Raffinerie Burghausen, ORLEN Unipetrol Kralupy nad Vltavou Refinery | Verified | Source · location |
| Wilhelmshaven | DE | Feeds HOLBORN Europa Raffinerie GmbH, bp Raffinerie Lingen (Erdoel-Raffinerie Emsland) | Inferred · high | Source · location · © OpenStreetMap contributors |
Crude pipelines (41)
| Name | Where | What the map shows | How we know | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adria, Hungarian section (Gola border - Szazhalombatta)schematic line between cited endpoints | HR, HU | Feeds MOL Danube Refinery (Duna), SLOVNAFT Bratislava Refinery | Inferred · high | Source · location · © OpenStreetMap contributors |
| CIM Antifer - Le Havre crude pipelineschematic line between cited endpoints | FR | Feeds North Atlantic Energies Raffinerie de Gravenchon, TotalEnergies Plateforme Normandie (Gonfreville-l'Orcher) | Inferred · high | Source · location · © OpenStreetMap contributors |
| Adria-Wien Pipeline (Wuermlach - Schwechat)schematic line between cited endpoints | AT | Feeds OMV Schwechat Refinery | Inferred · high | Source · location · © OpenStreetMap contributors |
| Polotsk-Birzai-Mazeikiai, EU segment (Birzai pump station - Mazeikiai)schematic line between cited endpoints | LT | Feeds Mazeikiai Refinery (ORLEN Lietuva) | Inferred · high | Source · location · © OpenStreetMap contributors |
| Butinge terminal - Mazeikiai crude pipelineschematic line between cited endpoints | LT | Feeds Mazeikiai Refinery (ORLEN Lietuva) | Inferred · high | Source · location |
| Oleoducto Cartagena - Puertollanoschematic line between cited endpoints | ES | Feeds Repsol Cartagena Industrial Complex, Repsol Puertollano Industrial Complex | Verified | Source · location |
| Casablanca platform - Tarragona oleoductoschematic line between cited endpoints | ES | Feeds Repsol Tarragona Industrial Complex | Inferred · high | Source · location · © OpenStreetMap contributors |
| CIM Le Havre terminal - TotalEnergies Gonfreville crude linkschematic line between cited endpoints | FR | Feeds North Atlantic Energies Raffinerie de Gravenchon, TotalEnergies Plateforme Normandie (Gonfreville-l'Orcher) | Inferred · high | Source · location · © OpenStreetMap contributors |
| CIM Le Havre terminal - Esso Port-Jerome crude linkschematic line between cited endpoints | FR | Feeds North Atlantic Energies Raffinerie de Gravenchon, TotalEnergies Plateforme Normandie (Gonfreville-l'Orcher) | Inferred · high | Source · location · © OpenStreetMap contributors |
| Oil Terminal S.A. pipe, Port of Constanta - Petromidiaschematic line between cited endpoints | RO | Feeds Rompetrol Petromidia Refinery | Inferred · high | Source · location · © OpenStreetMap contributors |
| COVA Viggiano - Taranto pipelineschematic line between cited endpoints | IT | Feeds Taranto refinery | Verified | Source · location |
| Danish Oil Pipe: Gorm E - Filsoe - Fredericiaschematic line between cited endpoints | DK | Feeds Crossbridge Energy Fredericia refinery | Inferred · high | Source · location · © OpenStreetMap contributors |
| Druzhba, Czech section (Hodonin - Nelahozeves - Litvinov)schematic line between cited endpoints | CZ | Feeds ORLEN Unipetrol Kralupy nad Vltavou Refinery, ORLEN Unipetrol Litvinov Refinery, SLOVNAFT Bratislava Refinery | Inferred · high | Source · location · © OpenStreetMap contributors |
| Druzhba (Friendship) into Hungary (Fenyeslitke - Szazhalombatta)schematic line between cited endpoints | HU | Feeds MOL Danube Refinery (Duna) | Inferred · high | Source · location · © OpenStreetMap contributors |
| Druzhba eastern section, Poland (Adamowo - Miszewko Strzalkowskie)schematic line between cited endpoints | PL | Feeds ORLEN Plock Refinery | Inferred · high | Source · location · © OpenStreetMap contributors |
| Druzhba western section (Miszewko Strzalkowskie - Schwedt)schematic line between cited endpoints | DE, PL | Feeds ORLEN Plock Refinery, PCK Raffinerie GmbH Schwedt, TotalEnergies Raffinerie Mitteldeutschland (Leuna/Spergau) | Inferred · high | Source · location · © OpenStreetMap contributors |
| Druzhba, Slovak main line (UA border - Bucany - Slovnaft)schematic line between cited endpoints | SK | Feeds ORLEN Unipetrol Kralupy nad Vltavou Refinery, ORLEN Unipetrol Litvinov Refinery, SLOVNAFT Bratislava Refinery | Inferred · high | Source · location · © OpenStreetMap contributors |
| Druzhba, Slovak branch to the Czech border (Bucany - Katov)schematic line between cited endpoints | SK | Feeds ORLEN Unipetrol Kralupy nad Vltavou Refinery, ORLEN Unipetrol Litvinov Refinery, SLOVNAFT Bratislava Refinery | Inferred · high | Source · location · © OpenStreetMap contributors |
| Friendship I / Adria leg (Szazhalombatta - Sahy/Tesmak - Tupa)schematic line between cited endpoints | HU, SK | Feeds MOL Danube Refinery (Duna), SLOVNAFT Bratislava Refinery | Inferred · high | Source · location · © OpenStreetMap contributors |
| IKL crude pipeline (Vohburg - Nelahozeves)schematic line between cited endpoints | CZ, DE | Feeds ORLEN Unipetrol Kralupy nad Vltavou Refinery, ORLEN Unipetrol Litvinov Refinery | Inferred · high | Source · location · © OpenStreetMap contributors |
| Iplom Genova Fegino depot - Busalla crude pipelineschematic line between cited endpoints | IT | Feeds IPLOM refinery, Busalla | Inferred · high | Source · location · © OpenStreetMap contributors |
| Iplom Genova Multedo port - Fegino depot crude pipelineschematic line between cited endpoints | IT | CRUDE | Inferred · high | Source · location · © OpenStreetMap contributors |
| JANAF Omisalj - Sisakschematic line between cited endpoints | HR | Feeds MOL Danube Refinery (Duna), SLOVNAFT Bratislava Refinery | Verified | Source · location |
| JANAF Omisalj - Urinj subsea pipelineschematic line between cited endpoints | HR | Feeds INA Rijeka Refinery (Urinj) | Verified | Source · location |
| JANAF Sisak - Virje - Gola (HR/HU border)schematic line between cited endpoints | HR | Feeds MOL Danube Refinery (Duna), SLOVNAFT Bratislava Refinery | Inferred · high | Source · location · © OpenStreetMap contributors |
| Mittelplate - Brunsbuettel long-distance pipelineschematic line between cited endpoints | DE | Feeds Raffinerie Heide GmbH | Inferred · high | Source · location · © OpenStreetMap contributors |
| MVL Schwedt - Leuna crude lineschematic line between cited endpoints | DE | Feeds TotalEnergies Raffinerie Mitteldeutschland (Leuna/Spergau) | Verified | Source · location |
| Norddeutsche Oelleitung (Wilhelmshaven - Hamburg)schematic line between cited endpoints | DE | Feeds HOLBORN Europa Raffinerie GmbH | Inferred · high | Source · location · © OpenStreetMap contributors |
| Nord-West Oelleitung (Wilhelmshaven - Wesseling)schematic line between cited endpoints | DE | Feeds bp Raffinerie Lingen (Erdoel-Raffinerie Emsland) | Inferred · high | Source · location · © OpenStreetMap contributors |
| OMV crude line Steinhoering - Burghausenschematic line between cited endpoints | DE | Feeds OMV Deutschland Raffinerie Burghausen | Inferred · high | Source · location · © OpenStreetMap contributors |
| Pomeranian pipeline (Gdansk - Miszewko Strzalkowskie)schematic line between cited endpoints | PL | Feeds ORLEN Gdansk Refinery (Rafineria Gdanska, formerly Grupa LOTOS), ORLEN Plock Refinery | Inferred · high | Source · location · © OpenStreetMap contributors |
| Rotterdam-Antwerp Pipeline (RAPL)schematic line between cited endpoints | BE, NL | Feeds ExxonMobil Antwerp refinery | Inferred · high | Source · location · © OpenStreetMap contributors |
| Rosenets port terminal - LUKOIL Neftohim Burgasschematic line between cited endpoints | BG | Feeds LUKOIL Neftohim Burgas | Inferred · high | Source · location · © OpenStreetMap contributors |
| Rostock - Schwedt crude pipelineschematic line between cited endpoints | DE | Feeds PCK Raffinerie GmbH Schwedt, TotalEnergies Raffinerie Mitteldeutschland (Leuna/Spergau) | Inferred · high | Source · location · © OpenStreetMap contributors |
| RRP line L7 (Venlo - Wesel)schematic line between cited endpoints | DE, NL | Feeds Shell Energy and Chemicals Park Rotterdam (Pernis), bp Raffinaderij Rotterdam B.V. (Europoort) | Inferred · high | Source · location · © OpenStreetMap contributors |
| RRP line L8 (Venlo - Wesseling)schematic line between cited endpoints | DE, NL | Feeds Shell Energy and Chemicals Park Rotterdam (Pernis), bp Raffinaderij Rotterdam B.V. (Europoort) | Inferred · high | Source · location · © OpenStreetMap contributors |
| RRP crude main line (Rotterdam Europoort - Venlo)schematic line between cited endpoints | NL | Feeds Shell Energy and Chemicals Park Rotterdam (Pernis), bp Raffinaderij Rotterdam B.V. (Europoort) | Inferred · high | Source · location · © OpenStreetMap contributors |
| SPSE 34" crude line (Fos-sur-Mer - Saint-Quentin-Fallavier - Gennes)schematic line between cited endpoints | FR | Feeds Petroineos Lavera Refinery, TotalEnergies Plateforme de Feyzin, Rhone Energies Raffinerie de Fos-sur-Mer | Inferred · high | Source · location · © OpenStreetMap contributors |
| Transalpine Pipeline TAL-IG (Trieste San Dorligo tank farm - Lenting tank farm)schematic line between cited endpoints | DE, IT | Feeds ORLEN Unipetrol Kralupy nad Vltavou Refinery, BAYERNOIL Raffineriegesellschaft - Werk Neustadt a.d. Donau, BAYERNOIL Raffineriegesellschaft - Werk Vohburg a.d. Donau, MiRO Mineraloelraffinerie Oberrhein, OMV Schwechat Refinery, Gunvor Raffinerie Ingolstadt GmbH, OMV Deutschland Raffinerie Burghausen | Inferred · high | Source · location · © OpenStreetMap contributors |
| Transalpine Pipeline TAL-NE (Lenting - Bayernoil Neustadt)schematic line between cited endpoints | DE | Feeds ORLEN Unipetrol Kralupy nad Vltavou Refinery, BAYERNOIL Raffineriegesellschaft - Werk Neustadt a.d. Donau, BAYERNOIL Raffineriegesellschaft - Werk Vohburg a.d. Donau, MiRO Mineraloelraffinerie Oberrhein | Inferred · high | Source · location · © OpenStreetMap contributors |
| Transalpine Pipeline TAL-OR (Lenting - MiRO Karlsruhe)schematic line between cited endpoints | DE | Feeds BAYERNOIL Raffineriegesellschaft - Werk Neustadt a.d. Donau, BAYERNOIL Raffineriegesellschaft - Werk Vohburg a.d. Donau, MiRO Mineraloelraffinerie Oberrhein | Inferred · high | Source · location · © OpenStreetMap contributors |
Product pipelines (4)
| Name | Where | What the map shows | How we know | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| TRAPIL Le Havre - Paris (LHP) trunkschematic line between cited endpoints | FR | Feeds North Atlantic Energies Raffinerie de Gravenchon, TotalEnergies Plateforme Normandie (Gonfreville-l'Orcher) | Inferred · high | Source · location · © OpenStreetMap contributors |
| OMV product pipeline Burghausen - Tanklager Feldkirchenschematic line between cited endpoints | DE | Feeds OMV Deutschland Raffinerie Burghausen | Inferred · high | Source · location · © OpenStreetMap contributors |
| Schwedt - Seefeld product pipelineschematic line between cited endpoints | DE | Feeds PCK Raffinerie GmbH Schwedt | Inferred · high | Source · location · © OpenStreetMap contributors |
| SPMR branch La Mede - Puget-sur-Argensschematic line between cited endpoints | FR | Feeds Petroineos Lavera Refinery | Inferred · high | Source · location · © OpenStreetMap contributors |
Pipelines, commodity not stated (4)
| Name | Where | What the map shows | How we know | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Brunsbuettel - Hemmingstedt pipelinesschematic line between cited endpoints | DE | Feeds Raffinerie Heide GmbH | Inferred · high | Source · location · © OpenStreetMap contributors |
| Repsol A Coruna maritime terminal - refinery linkschematic line between cited endpoints | ES | Feeds Repsol A Coruna Industrial Complex | Inferred · high | Source · location · © OpenStreetMap contributors |
| Donges - Vern-sur-Seiche pipelineschematic line between cited endpoints | FR | Feeds TotalEnergies Plateforme de Donges | Inferred · high | Source · location · © OpenStreetMap contributors |
| Petronor maritime terminal - refinery linesschematic line between cited endpoints | ES | Feeds Petronor Muskiz Refinery (Bilbao) | Inferred · high | Source · location · © OpenStreetMap contributors |
Export points (166)
| Name | Where | What the map shows | How we know | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Das Island | United Arab Emirates, Persian Gulf | Must pass the Strait of Hormuz | Inferred · high | Source · location · © OpenStreetMap contributors |
| Fujairah (outlet of the Abu Dhabi Crude Oil Pipeline, ADCOP) | United Arab Emirates, Gulf of Oman | Does not need Hormuz | Inferred · high | Source · location |
| Jebel Dhanna | United Arab Emirates, Persian Gulf | Must pass the Strait of Hormuz | Inferred · high | Source · location |
| Port of Fujairah oil terminals (Fujairah Oil Tanker Terminals, FOTT) - refined products and bunkers | United Arab Emirates, Gulf of Oman | Does not need Hormuz | Inferred · high | Source · location |
| Ruwais (refinery jetties) | United Arab Emirates, Persian Gulf | Must pass the Strait of Hormuz | Inferred · high | Source · location |
| Zirku Island | United Arab Emirates, Persian Gulf | Must pass the Strait of Hormuz | Inferred · high | Source · location · © OpenStreetMap contributors |
| La Petrolifera Italo Albanese (PIA) coastal terminal, Bay of Vlora | Albania, Adriatic Sea | Does not need Hormuz | Inferred · high | Source · location |
| Porto Romano terminal, Durres | Albania | Does not need Hormuz | Inferred · high | Source · location · © OpenStreetMap contributors |
| Malongo terminal, Cabinda | Angola, Atlantic Ocean | Does not need Hormuz | Inferred · high | Source · location · © OpenStreetMap contributors |
| Palanca terminal (Block 2) | Angola, Atlantic Ocean | Does not need Hormuz | Inferred · high | Source · location |
| Puerto Rosales monobuoys Punta Ancla and Punta Ciguena (Oiltanking Ebytem terminal) | Argentina | Does not need Hormuz | Inferred · high | Source · location |
| Punta Colorada terminal (Vaca Muerta Oil Sur / VMOS pipeline outlet) | Argentina, Golfo San Matias (South Atlantic) | Does not need Hormuz | Inferred · high | Source · location · © OpenStreetMap contributors |
| OMV Schwechat refinery (Binnenraffinerie, inland site, no seaborne loading point) | Austria | Does not need Hormuz | Verified | Source · location |
| Ceyhan (outlet of the Baku-Tbilisi-Ceyhan pipeline, BTC) | Azerbaijan, Mediterranean Sea | Does not need Hormuz | Inferred · high | Source · location · © OpenStreetMap contributors |
| Novorossiysk (outlet of the Baku-Novorossiysk pipeline) | Azerbaijan, Black Sea | Does not need Hormuz | Inferred · high | Source · location |
| Supsa (outlet of the Baku-Supsa pipeline) | Azerbaijan, Black Sea | Does not need Hormuz | Inferred · high | Source · location · © OpenStreetMap contributors |
| Port of Antwerp oil terminals | Belgium | Does not need Hormuz | Inferred · high | Source · location |
| LUKOIL Neftohim Burgas refinery | Bulgaria | Does not need Hormuz | Verified | Source · location |
| Rosenets port oil terminal, Burgas | Bulgaria, Black Sea | Does not need Hormuz | Inferred · high | Source · location · © OpenStreetMap contributors |
| Khalifa Bin Salman Port (KBSP) | Bahrain, Persian Gulf | Must pass the Strait of Hormuz | Inferred · high | Source · location · © OpenStreetMap contributors |
| Sitra Wharf | Bahrain, Persian Gulf | Must pass the Strait of Hormuz | Inferred · high | Source · location · © OpenStreetMap contributors |
| Angra dos Reis / TEBIG (Transpetro) | Brazil, South Atlantic Ocean | Does not need Hormuz | Inferred · high | Source · location |
| Mozyr oil refinery (inland site, no seaborne loading point) | Belarus | Does not need Hormuz | Inferred · high | Source · location |
| Naftan refinery, Novopolotsk (inland site, no seaborne loading point) | Belarus | Does not need Hormuz | Inferred · high | Source · location |
| Westridge Marine Terminal (Trans Mountain pipeline outlet, Burnaby BC) | Canada, Burrard Inlet (Pacific coast) | Does not need Hormuz | Inferred · high | Source · location · © OpenStreetMap contributors |
| Offshore Muanda loading, Kongo Central (Perenco / Muanda International Oil Company) | Democratic Republic of the Congo, Atlantic Ocean | Does not need Hormuz | Inferred · high | Source · location |
| Djeno export terminal, near Pointe-Noire | Congo, Atlantic Ocean | Does not need Hormuz | Inferred · high | Source · location · © OpenStreetMap contributors |
| Pointe-Noire | Congo, Atlantic Ocean | Does not need Hormuz | Inferred · high | Source · location |
| Varo Cressier refinery (inland site, no seaborne loading point) | Switzerland | Does not need Hormuz | Inferred · high | Source · location · © OpenStreetMap contributors |
| Kole export terminal (Rio del Rey basin) | Cameroon, Bight of Bonny (Gulf of Guinea) | Does not need Hormuz | Inferred · high | Source · location |
| Hengli Petrochemical refinery export point, Changxing Island, Dalian | China, Bohai Sea | Does not need Hormuz | Inferred · high | Source · location · © OpenStreetMap contributors |
| Sinopec Maoming refinery export point | China, South China Sea | Does not need Hormuz | Inferred · high | Source · location · © OpenStreetMap contributors |
| Sinopec Zhenhai refinery export point, Port of Ningbo-Zhoushan | China, East China Sea | Does not need Hormuz | Inferred · high | Source · location · © OpenStreetMap contributors |
| Covenas marine terminal and the TLU-2 offshore tanker loading buoy | Colombia, Caribbean Sea (Golfo de Morrosquillo) | Does not need Hormuz | Inferred · high | Source · location |
| Vasilikos energy storage and distribution terminal (VTTV) | Cyprus, Eastern Mediterranean | Does not need Hormuz | Verified | Source · location |
| ORLEN Unipetrol Kralupy nad Vltavou refinery (inland site, no seaborne loading point) | Czechia | Does not need Hormuz | Verified | Source · location |
| ORLEN Unipetrol Litvinov refinery (Chempark Zaluzi) (inland site, no seaborne loading point) | Czechia | Does not need Hormuz | Verified | Source · location |
| Fredericia crude oil terminal (Danish Oil Pipe outlet from the Gorm E platform) | Denmark, Little Belt (Lillebaelt), Baltic approaches | Does not need Hormuz | Verified | Source · location |
| Arzew | Algeria, Mediterranean Sea | Does not need Hormuz | Inferred · high | Source · location |
| Bejaia | Algeria, Mediterranean Sea | Does not need Hormuz | Inferred · high | Source · location · © OpenStreetMap contributors |
| Skikda | Algeria, Mediterranean Sea | Does not need Hormuz | Inferred · high | Source · location |
| Muuga Harbour liquid-bulk terminals (Port of Tallinn) | Estonia | Does not need Hormuz | Inferred · high | Source · location |
| Port of Sillamae liquid-bulk terminals | Estonia, Gulf of Narva (Baltic Sea) | Does not need Hormuz | Verified | Source · location |
| Ayn Suknah (Ain Sukhna) terminal (Red Sea end of the SUMED pipeline) | Egypt, Red Sea | Does not need Hormuz | Inferred · high | Source · location · © OpenStreetMap contributors |
| Sidi Kerir terminal (Mediterranean outlet of the SUMED / Suez-Mediterranean pipeline) | Egypt, Mediterranean Sea | Route class unknown | Inferred · high | Source · location · © OpenStreetMap contributors |
| Moeve La Rabida energy park loading docks (Muelle Torre Arenillas / Reina Sofia), Huelva | Spain, Mouth of the rio Tinto | Does not need Hormuz | Inferred · high | Source · location · © OpenStreetMap contributors |
| Moeve San Roque energy park marine terminal and SBM (Campo de Gibraltar) | Spain, Bahia de Algeciras | Does not need Hormuz | Inferred · high | Source · location · © OpenStreetMap contributors |
| Petronor product jetties, Port of Bilbao | Spain | Does not need Hormuz | Inferred · high | Source · location |
| Repsol A Coruna maritime terminal | Spain | Does not need Hormuz | Inferred · high | Source · location |
| Repsol Cartagena industrial complex and its port facilities | Spain | Does not need Hormuz | Verified | Source · location |
| Repsol Puertollano industrial complex (inland site, no seaborne loading point) | Spain | Does not need Hormuz | Verified | Source · location |
| Repsol Tarragona industrial complex | Spain | Does not need Hormuz | Verified | Source · location |
| Neste Porvoo refinery and Porvoo harbour (Kilpilahti) | Finland, Gulf of Finland | Does not need Hormuz | Inferred · high | Source · location |
| Cap Lopez oil terminal, Port-Gentil | Gabon, Atlantic Ocean (Gulf of Guinea) | Does not need Hormuz | Inferred · high | Source · location |
| Gamba and Oguendjo oil terminals | Gabon | Does not need Hormuz | Inferred · high | Source · location · © OpenStreetMap contributors |
| Hound Point (Forties Pipeline System outlet) | United Kingdom, North Sea (Firth of Forth) | Does not need Hormuz | Inferred · high | Source · location · © OpenStreetMap contributors |
| Sullom Voe Terminal | United Kingdom, North Sea / North Atlantic (Shetland) | Does not need Hormuz | Inferred · high | Source · location |
| Kulevi oil terminal and sea port (SOCAR / Black Sea Terminal LLC) | Georgia, Black Sea | Does not need Hormuz | Inferred · high | Source · location |
| Supsa terminal (outlet of the Western Route Export Pipeline / Baku-Supsa) | Georgia, Black Sea | Does not need Hormuz | Inferred · high | Source · location · © OpenStreetMap contributors |
| Jubilee field FPSO Kwame Nkrumah offtake | Ghana, Atlantic Ocean (Gulf of Guinea) | Does not need Hormuz | Inferred · high | Source · location |
| Port of Gibraltar bunkering berths and anchorage | Gibraltar, Gibraltar Bay | Does not need Hormuz | Inferred · high | Source · location |
| Prinos concession offshore loading terminal (Prinos, Prinos North, Epsilon) | Greece, North Aegean Sea (Gulf of Kavala) | Does not need Hormuz | Inferred · high | Source · location |
| Omisalj terminal (JANAF), island of Krk | Croatia, Omisalj Bay / Kvarner Bay (Adriatic Sea) | Does not need Hormuz | Verified | Source · location |
| Balikpapan refinery export point (East Kalimantan) | Indonesia | Does not need Hormuz | Inferred · high | Source · location · © OpenStreetMap contributors |
| Cilacap refinery export point (Central Java) | Indonesia | Does not need Hormuz | Inferred · high | Source · location |
| Irving Oil Whitegate refinery marine terminal, Cork Harbour | Ireland, Cork Harbour | Does not need Hormuz | Verified | Source · location |
| Ashkelon oil port (Mediterranean terminal of the Europe Asia Pipeline Company) | Israel, Mediterranean Sea | Route class unknown | Inferred · high | Source · location |
| Eilat oil port (Red Sea terminal of the Europe Asia Pipeline Company) | Israel, Red Sea (Gulf of Eilat/Aqaba) | Does not need Hormuz | Inferred · high | Source · location |
| Sikka Ports and Terminals (SPMs and jetty berths serving Reliance Jamnagar) | India, Gulf of Kutch | Does not need Hormuz | Inferred · high | Source · location |
| Vadinar refinery and terminal (Nayara Energy) | India, Gulf of Kutch | Does not need Hormuz | Inferred · high | Source · location |
| Basra Oil Terminal and southern single-point moorings | Iraq, Persian Gulf | Must pass the Strait of Hormuz | Inferred · high | Source · location |
| Ceyhan - Kurdistan Region (KRG) volumes via the ITP | Iraq, Mediterranean Sea | Does not need Hormuz | Inferred · high | Source · location · © OpenStreetMap contributors |
| Ceyhan (outlet of the Kirkuk-Ceyhan / Iraq-Turkiye pipeline, ITP) | Iraq, Mediterranean Sea | Does not need Hormuz | Inferred · high | Source · location · © OpenStreetMap contributors |
| Khor al-Amaya | Iraq, Persian Gulf | Must pass the Strait of Hormuz | Inferred · high | Source · location · © OpenStreetMap contributors |
| Jask (outlet of the Goreh-Jask pipeline) | Iran, Gulf of Oman | Does not need Hormuz | Inferred · high | Source · location |
| Kharg Island | Iran, Persian Gulf | Must pass the Strait of Hormuz | Inferred · high | Source · location |
| SIOT marine terminal, Port of Trieste (Transalpine Pipeline head) | Italy, Gulf of Trieste (Bay of Muggia), Adriatic Sea | Does not need Hormuz | Verified | Source |
| Taranto oil terminal: the 560 m pier and the Campo Boe Marino offshore buoy field | Italy, Ionian Sea (Mar Grande di Taranto) | Does not need Hormuz | Inferred · high | Source · location |
| Port of Aqaba oil jetty and storage | Jordan, Gulf of Aqaba (Red Sea) | Does not need Hormuz | Inferred · high | Source · location |
| Zarqa refinery (Jordan Petroleum Refinery Company) | Jordan | Does not need Hormuz | Inferred · high | Source · location · © OpenStreetMap contributors |
| ENEOS Kashima refinery export point | Japan | Does not need Hormuz | Inferred · high | Source · location · © OpenStreetMap contributors |
| ENEOS Kawasaki refinery export point | Japan | Does not need Hormuz | Inferred · high | Source · location |
| ENEOS Negishi refinery export point | Japan | Does not need Hormuz | Inferred · high | Source · location · © OpenStreetMap contributors |
| GS Caltex Yeosu refinery export point | South Korea | Does not need Hormuz | Inferred · high | Source · location · © OpenStreetMap contributors |
| HD Hyundai Oilbank Daesan refinery export point | South Korea, Yellow Sea | Does not need Hormuz | Inferred · high | Source · location · © OpenStreetMap contributors |
| S-Oil Onsan refinery export point, Ulsan | South Korea | Does not need Hormuz | Inferred · high | Source · location · © OpenStreetMap contributors |
| SK Energy Ulsan refinery export point | South Korea, East Sea | Does not need Hormuz | Inferred · high | Source · location |
| Al-Zour | Kuwait, Persian Gulf | Must pass the Strait of Hormuz | Inferred · high | Source · location · © OpenStreetMap contributors |
| Mina Abdullah | Kuwait, Persian Gulf | Must pass the Strait of Hormuz | Inferred · high | Source · location · © OpenStreetMap contributors |
| Mina al-Ahmadi | Kuwait, Persian Gulf | Must pass the Strait of Hormuz | Inferred · high | Source · location |
| Aktau | Kazakhstan, Caspian Sea | Does not need Hormuz | Inferred · high | Source · location · © OpenStreetMap contributors |
| CPC marine terminal, Novorossiysk (Caspian Pipeline Consortium outlet) | Kazakhstan, Black Sea | Does not need Hormuz | Inferred · high | Source · location |
| Butinge terminal single point mooring (ORLEN Lietuva) | Lithuania, Baltic Sea | Does not need Hormuz | Inferred · high | Source · location |
| B.L.B. Baltijas Terminals, Freeport of Riga | Latvia | Does not need Hormuz | Inferred · high | Source · location · © OpenStreetMap contributors |
| Vitol Terminal Latvia (VTL, former Ventspils nafta terminals), port of Ventspils | Latvia, Baltic Sea | Does not need Hormuz | Verified | Source · location |
| Es Sider (Sidra) | Libya, Mediterranean Sea | Does not need Hormuz | Inferred · high | Source · location · © OpenStreetMap contributors |
| Marsa al-Brega | Libya, Mediterranean Sea | Does not need Hormuz | Inferred · high | Source · location |
| Marsa al-Hariga (Tobruk) | Libya, Mediterranean Sea | Does not need Hormuz | Inferred · high | Source · location · © OpenStreetMap contributors |
| Mellitah | Libya, Mediterranean Sea | Does not need Hormuz | Inferred · high | Source · location · © OpenStreetMap contributors |
| Ras Lanuf | Libya, Mediterranean Sea | Does not need Hormuz | Inferred · high | Source · location |
| Zawiya | Libya, Mediterranean Sea | Does not need Hormuz | Inferred · high | Source · location |
| Zueitina | Libya, Mediterranean Sea | Does not need Hormuz | Inferred · high | Source · location |
| Mohammedia port oil terminal (Marsa Maroc) | Morocco | Does not need Hormuz | Inferred · high | Source · location |
| Tanger Med hydrocarbon terminal | Morocco, Strait of Gibraltar | Does not need Hormuz | Inferred · high | Source · location |
| Malta Freeport oil terminal | Malta, Mediterranean Sea | Does not need Hormuz | Inferred · high | Source · location · © OpenStreetMap contributors |
| Cayo Arcas offshore loading terminal (Sonda de Campeche) | Mexico, Gulf of Mexico | Does not need Hormuz | Inferred · high | Source · location · © OpenStreetMap contributors |
| Puerto de Dos Bocas, Tabasco | Mexico, Gulf of Mexico | Does not need Hormuz | Inferred · high | Source · location |
| Puerto de Salina Cruz, Oaxaca | Mexico, Pacific Ocean | Does not need Hormuz | Inferred · high | Source · location |
| Melaka refinery export point | Malaysia | Does not need Hormuz | Inferred · high | Source · location · © OpenStreetMap contributors |
| Pengerang refinery export point (Johor) | Malaysia | Does not need Hormuz | Inferred · high | Source · location |
| Port of Seme / Seme-Kpodji export terminal (Niger-Benin crude oil pipeline outlet) | Niger, Atlantic Ocean (Gulf of Guinea) | Does not need Hormuz | Inferred · high | Source · location · © OpenStreetMap contributors |
| Bonny | Nigeria, Atlantic Ocean (Gulf of Guinea) | Does not need Hormuz | Inferred · high | Source · location · © OpenStreetMap contributors |
| Escravos | Nigeria, Atlantic Ocean (Gulf of Guinea) | Does not need Hormuz | Inferred · high | Source · location · © OpenStreetMap contributors |
| Forcados | Nigeria, Atlantic Ocean (Gulf of Guinea) | Does not need Hormuz | Inferred · high | Source · location · © OpenStreetMap contributors |
| Qua Iboe | Nigeria, Atlantic Ocean (Gulf of Guinea) | Does not need Hormuz | Inferred · high | Source · location · © OpenStreetMap contributors |
| Rotterdam Europoort and Maasvlakte crude oil terminals (incl. Maasvlakte Olie Terminal) | Netherlands, North Sea | Does not need Hormuz | Inferred · high | Source · location · © OpenStreetMap contributors |
| Mongstad | Norway, North Sea | Does not need Hormuz | Inferred · high | Source · location |
| Sture | Norway, North Sea | Does not need Hormuz | Inferred · high | Source · location |
| Ad Duqm | Oman, Arabian Sea | Does not need Hormuz | Inferred · high | Source · location |
| Mina al-Fahal | Oman, Gulf of Oman | Does not need Hormuz | Inferred · high | Source · location · © OpenStreetMap contributors |
| Sohar | Oman, Gulf of Oman | Does not need Hormuz | Inferred · high | Source · location |
| Naftoport crude oil terminal, Port of Gdansk | Poland, Baltic Sea | Does not need Hormuz | Verified | Source · location |
| ORLEN Petrobaltic onshore base and transshipment quay, Gdansk (B3/B8 Baltic licences) | Poland, Baltic Sea | Does not need Hormuz | Inferred · high | Source · location · © OpenStreetMap contributors |
| Galp Sines refinery and its deep-water harbour | Portugal | Does not need Hormuz | Verified | Source · location |
| Port of Sines Liquid Bulk Terminal (TGLS) | Portugal, Atlantic Ocean | Does not need Hormuz | Inferred · high | Source · location |
| Halul Island | Qatar, Persian Gulf | Must pass the Strait of Hormuz | Inferred · high | Source · location |
| Mesaieed | Qatar, Persian Gulf | Must pass the Strait of Hormuz | Inferred · high | Source · location |
| Ras Laffan | Qatar, Persian Gulf | Must pass the Strait of Hormuz | Inferred · high | Source · location |
| Marine Midia terminal and offshore mono buoy, port of Midia (Petromidia refinery) | Romania, Black Sea | Does not need Hormuz | Inferred · high | Source · location · © OpenStreetMap contributors |
| Oil Terminal SA, port of Constanta | Romania, Black Sea | Does not need Hormuz | Inferred · high | Source · location |
| NIS Pancevo refinery and the Danube river port of Pancevo (no seaborne loading point) | Serbia | Does not need Hormuz | Inferred · high | Source · location · © OpenStreetMap contributors |
| Kozmino (ESPO) | Russia, Sea of Japan / Pacific | Does not need Hormuz | Inferred · high | Source · location |
| Novorossiysk (Transneft / CPC) | Russia, Black Sea | Does not need Hormuz | Inferred · high | Source · location |
| Primorsk (Baltic Pipeline System) | Russia, Baltic Sea | Does not need Hormuz | Inferred · high | Source · location |
| Ust-Luga (Baltic Pipeline System 2) | Russia, Baltic Sea | Does not need Hormuz | Inferred · high | Source · location |
| Duba Bulk Plant Terminal | Saudi Arabia, Red Sea | Does not need Hormuz | Inferred · high | Source · location · © OpenStreetMap contributors |
| Jazan Bulk Plant Terminal | Saudi Arabia, Red Sea | Does not need Hormuz | Inferred · high | Source · location |
| Jeddah Terminal | Saudi Arabia, Red Sea | Does not need Hormuz | Inferred · high | Source · location |
| King Fahd Industrial Port, Jubail (Petrochemical and Petroleum Products Terminal; SATORP export outlet) | Saudi Arabia | Must pass the Strait of Hormuz | Inferred · high | Source · location |
| Ras Tanura (North Pier and Sea Island terminals) | Saudi Arabia, Persian Gulf | Must pass the Strait of Hormuz | Inferred · high | Source · location |
| Yanbu marine terminals (outlet of the East-West / Petroline crude pipeline) | Saudi Arabia, Red Sea | Does not need Hormuz | Inferred · high | Source · location · © OpenStreetMap contributors |
| Bashayer Marine Terminal, south of Port Sudan | Sudan, Red Sea | Does not need Hormuz | Inferred · high | Source · location |
| Preemraff Goteborg refinery and its product port | Sweden | Does not need Hormuz | Verified | Source · location |
| Preemraff Lysekil refinery and the port of Brofjorden | Sweden, Skagerrak | Does not need Hormuz | Verified | Source · location |
| St1 Gothenburg refinery | Sweden | Does not need Hormuz | Verified | Source · location |
| ExxonMobil Jurong Island manufacturing site | Singapore | Does not need Hormuz | Inferred · high | Source · location · © OpenStreetMap contributors |
| Pulau Bukom refinery (CAPGC, formerly Shell Energy and Chemicals Park) | Singapore, Straits of Singapore | Does not need Hormuz | Inferred · high | Source · location |
| Port of Koper liquid cargoes terminal (Luka Koper) | Slovenia, Adriatic Sea | Does not need Hormuz | Inferred · high | Source · location |
| Slovnaft Bratislava refinery and its Danube river port (no seaborne loading point) | Slovakia | Does not need Hormuz | Verified | Source · location |
| Baniyas crude export terminal | Syria, Mediterranean Sea | Does not need Hormuz | Inferred · high | Source · location |
| Latakia terminal | Syria, Mediterranean Sea | Does not need Hormuz | Inferred · high | Source · location |
| Tartous crude export terminal | Syria, Mediterranean Sea | Does not need Hormuz | Inferred · high | Source · location · © OpenStreetMap contributors |
| Kome-Kribi 1 floating storage and offloading vessel (Chad-Cameroon / COTCO pipeline outlet) | Chad, Atlantic Ocean (Gulf of Guinea) | Does not need Hormuz | Inferred · high | Source · location · © OpenStreetMap contributors |
| Turkmenbasy (Turkmenbashi) International Seaport | Turkmenistan, Caspian Sea | Does not need Hormuz | Inferred · high | Source · location |
| La Skhira (TRAPSA) crude oil terminal | Tunisia, Gulf of Gabes (Mediterranean Sea) | Does not need Hormuz | Inferred · high | Source · location · © OpenStreetMap contributors |
| Ceyhan (Yumurtalik) marine terminal - outlet of the Baku-Tbilisi-Ceyhan and Iraq-Turkiye crude oil pipelines | Türkiye, Mediterranean Sea (Gulf of Iskenderun) | Does not need Hormuz | Inferred · high | Source · location · © OpenStreetMap contributors |
| Dortyol terminal (Batman-Dortyol crude oil pipeline outlet) | Türkiye, Mediterranean Sea (Gulf of Iskenderun) | Does not need Hormuz | Inferred · high | Source · location |
| Port of Galeota (southeastern Trinidad) | Trinidad and Tobago | Does not need Hormuz | Inferred · high | Source · location |
| Pivdennyi (Yuzhny) maritime oil terminal, Odesa (Odesa-Brody pipeline head) | Ukraine, Black Sea | Does not need Hormuz | Inferred · high | Source · location |
| Corpus Christi | United States, Gulf of Mexico | Does not need Hormuz | Inferred · high | Source · location |
| Louisiana Offshore Oil Port (LOOP) | United States, Gulf of Mexico | Does not need Hormuz | Inferred · high | Source · location |
| ANCAP La Teja refinery, bahia de Montevideo | Uruguay, Bahia de Montevideo | Does not need Hormuz | Inferred · high | Source · location |
| Puerto Jose crude export terminal (TAECJAA, Jose industrial complex) | Venezuela, Caribbean Sea | Does not need Hormuz | Inferred · high | Source · location · © OpenStreetMap contributors |
| Ash Shihr (Masila) crude export terminal | Yemen, Gulf of Aden | Does not need Hormuz | Inferred · high | Source · location |
| Ras Isa floating export terminal (Marib pipeline outlet) | Yemen, Red Sea | Does not need Hormuz | Inferred · high | Source · location |
| Rudum terminal | Yemen, Gulf of Aden | Does not need Hormuz | Inferred · high | Source · location |
Chokepoints (5)
| Name | Where | What the map shows | How we know | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bab el-Mandeb | DJ | Inferred · high | Source · location | |
| Danish Straits | DK | Inferred · high | Source · location | |
| Strait of Hormuz | OM | Inferred · high | Source · location | |
| Suez Canal and SUMED Pipeline | EG | Inferred · high | Source · location | |
| Turkish Straits (Bosporus/Dardanelles) | TR | Inferred · high | Source · location |
What is on the map
| Layer | Drawn | Held, not drawn |
|---|---|---|
RefineriesCrude oil refineries in the EU, coloured by status.Not drawn, with the reason (4)
| 86 | 4 |
| Ports and terminalsPorts and marine terminals the refinery reference pages name as connected. | 37 | 0 |
| Crude pipelinesCrude oil pipelines (schematic, endpoints cited - not the surveyed route). | 41 | 0 |
| Product pipelinesRefined-product pipelines (schematic, endpoints cited - not the surveyed route). | 4 | 0 |
| Pipelines, commodity not statedPipelines whose cited source does not say crude or products (schematic, endpoints cited - not the surveyed route). | 4 | 0 |
| Export pointsWhere crude and products are loaded for export, coloured by whether leaving requires the Strait of Hormuz. | 166 | 0 |
| ChokepointsOil transit chokepoints named by the US EIA. | 5 | 0 |
Notes
- Every drawn feature carries a source_url. Held rows with no cited coordinate are listed under `excluded`, never placed by guess.
- Pipelines are schematic, endpoints cited - not the surveyed route.
- Wikidata / Wikipedia / OpenStreetMap coordinates are location-only evidence and are classed INFERRED_HIGH at best.
- Country to country - not a shipping route. What EU member states report importing from the country where the crude was produced (energy basis).
Basemap: Made with Natural Earth (public domain). No map tiles or third-party map services are used. Some locations come from OpenStreetMap (© OpenStreetMap contributors, ODbL) or Wikidata (CC0); the tables above link the sources of each feature.